This study examines the governance, financial, and macroeconomic determinants of long-term shareholder returns following divestitures in India. Using data from 203 listed firms undertaking spin-offs, demergers, and asset sales between 2010 and 2023, long-run performance is measured through Buy-and-Hold Abnormal Returns (BAHRs). Employing a robust linear model with Huber’s M-estimator, the analysis reveals that focus-increasing divestitures and higher board independence have a negative influence on returns, while asset turnover enhances value creation. GDP growth exerts a significant adverse effect, underscoring macroeconomic sensitivity. Findings extend global divestiture literature to emerging markets, highlighting governance structures, operational efficiency, and economic cycles as key determinants.